EC-Council Certified Security Analyst v1.0

George, a freelance Security Auditor and Penetration Tester, was working on a pen testing assignment for Xsecurity. George is an ESCA certified professional and was following the LPT methodology in performing a comprehensive security assessment of the company. After the initial reconnaissance, scanning and enumeration phases, he successfully recovered a user password and was able to log on to a Linux machine located on the network. He was also able to access the /etc/passwd file; however, the passwords were stored as a single ג€xג€ character.
What will George do to recover the actual encrypted passwords?

An attacker targeted to attack network switches of an organization to steal confidential information such as network subscriber information, passwords, etc. He started transmitting data through one switch to another by creating and sending two 802.1Q tags, one for the attacking switch and the other for victim switch. By sending these frames. The attacker is fooling the victim switch into thinking that the frame is intended for it. The target switch then forwards the frame to the victim port.
Identify the type of attack being performed by the attacker?

Joe, an ECSA certified professional, is working on a pen testing engagement for one of his SME clients. He discovered the host file in one of the Windows machines has the following entry:
213.65.172.55 microsoft.com
After performing a Whois lookup, Joe discovered the IP does not refer to Microsoft.com. The network admin denied modifying the host files.
Which type of attack does this scenario present?

The Rhythm Networks Pvt Ltd firm is a group of ethical hackers. Rhythm Networks was asked by their client Zombie to identify how the attacker penetrated their firewall. Rhythm discovered the attacker modified the addressing information of the IP packet header and the source address bits field to bypass the firewall.
What type of firewall bypassing technique was used by the attacker?

Todd is working on an assignment involving auditing of a web service. The scanning phase reveals the web service is using an Oracle database server at the backend. He wants to check the TNS Listener configuration file for configuration errors.
Which of the following directories contains the TNS Listener configuration file, by default:

Cedric, who is a software support executive working for Panacx Tech. Inc., was asked to install Ubuntu operating system in the computers present in the organization. After installing the OS, he came to know that there are many unnecessary services and packages in the OS that were automatically installed without his knowledge. Since these services or packages can be potentially harmful and can create various security threats to the host machine, he was asked to disable all the unwanted services.
In order to stop or disable these unnecessary services or packages from the Ubuntu distributions, which of the following commands should Cedric employ?

Jack, a network engineer, is working on an IPv6 implementation for one of his clients. He deployed IPv6 on IPv4 networks using a mechanism where a node can choose from IPv6 or IPv4 based on the DNS value. This makes the network resources work simpler.
What kind of technique did Jack use?

Arnold is trying to gain access to a database by inserting exploited query statements with a WHERE clause. He wants to retrieve all the entries from a particular table (e. g. StudName) using the WHERE clause.
What query does Arnold need to write to retrieve the information?

Edward is a penetration tester hired by the OBC Group. He was asked to gather information on the clientג€™s network. As part of the work assigned, Edward needs to find the range of IP addresses and the subnet mask used by the target organization.
What does Edward need to do to get the required information?

Karen is a Network engineer at ITSec, a reputed MNC based in Philadelphia, USA. She wants to retrieve the DNS records from the publicly available servers. She searched using Google for the providers DNS Information and found the following sites: http://www.dnsstuff.com https://dnsquery.org
Through these sites she got the DNS records information as she wished.
What information is contained in DNS records?

As a part of information gathering, you are given a website URL and asked to identify the operating system using passive OS fingerprinting. When you begin to use p0f tool and browse the website URL, the tool captures the header information of all the packets sent and received, and decodes them. Which among the decoded request/response packets hold the operating system information of the remote operating system?

The Finger service displays information such as currently logged-on users, email address, full name, etc. Which among the following ports would you scan to identify this service during a penetration test?

Stuart has successfully cracked the WPA-PSK password during his wireless pen testing assignment. However, he is unable to connect to the access point using this password.
What could be the probable reason?

Veronica, a penetration tester at a top MNC company, is trying to breach the companyג€™s database as a part of SQLi penetration testing. She began to use the
SQLi techniques to test the database security level. She inserted new database commands into the SQL statement and appended a SQL Server EXECUTE command to the vulnerable SQL statements.
Which of the following SQLi techniques was used to attack the database?